Improved apparatus tor rectifying- and distilling spirits and other vol



if tlnitd E. FRE'EMA-N' rnnn'rlss AND THOMAS D. PRENTISS, or

.PHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

Letters Patent No. 87,792, dated Ma/rch 16, 1869.

MROVED APPARATUS FOR AND DISTILLING- SPIRITS AND OTHER VOI.|

ATILE LIQUIDS.

, Th2 Schedule refined to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, E. FREEMAN Pnnmuss and THOMAS D. Psnsrrss, both of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Apparatus for Rectii'ying Spirits and other Volatile Liquids; and we do hereby declare that the following is afull and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being bad to the annexed drawings, forming part hereof, and to the several letters marked thereon, in which drawings- Figure 1 is a perspective view of the apparatus, a

, portion of the shell of each column, or vessel, being broken away, to show the enclosed parts.

Figure 2 is also a perspective view of the apparatus, conveying a clear exterior view thereof.

In the drawings- 7 a and I; represent the vapor-generators; Y

c, the primary condenser;

d, the secondary condenser; and

e, the final condenser. 1 4

f is a pipe, which conveys the vapors generated in the vessel a, into the worm g, which returns toward and terminates at a short distance above the bottom of the vessel 6, as shown.

h is a pipe, which connectsthe top of the vessel 22 with the primary condensers, which is provided with a perforated false bottom, and a top of similar construction, the intermediate space being filledwith small pebbles or broken pumice-stone.

'i is a pipe, for'conveying the vapors, which rise to the chamber in vessel 0, above its false top, into the chamber k, of vessel d, which also isprovided with a false top and bottom, as shown in fig. 1.

The chamber in vessel at, above the false top thereof,

is divided into two parts, It and l, by a vertical parti tion, which extends down to within a short distance of the fialse bottom, dividing the space enclosed between said top and bottom into two compartments, s and t, united at bottom, as showni m m are vertical pipes, connecting the top and bottom chambers of vessel d.

n is'a pipe connecting the chamber 1, of vessel d, with the worm 0, in vessel 6.

p is a pipe, by which cold water is let into vessel 8,- d I q isthe exit-pipe for the same water. r, fig. 2, is a pipe leading into chamber 1;, of vessel (2. This pipe is provided with a stop-cock, not shown, for regulating the inward flow of the wash.

uis a pipe, which conveys the wash from compartineut s', of vessel d, into the vessel 6. I y

. v is a pipe, leading from the bottom of vessel b into the top ofvessel a. g F j w is a pipe, leading from the bottom chamber of vessel d into the bottom of vessel 1)." i

x and y are ordinary gauges for indicating the height of the liquids in vessels a and'bl z is an ordinary thermometer, connected with compartme'nt t, of vessel (1. o

The several vessels are emptied through stop-cocks 0.

The wash is introduced, through pipe '2', into the top of the compartment t, of vessel d, filling this compartment, and also compartments thence flowing,ithrough pipe a, into vessel 6, where it is partiallyvapolized, the residuebeing, from time to time, let down, through pipe 22, into vessel a, where it is subjected to higher heat, and where what remains of spirit is vaporized, the vapors passing, through pipe f, into worm g, which conducts them to the bottom of vessel b, where they escape, and bubbling up through the wash contained in this vessel, to the top of the vessel, they pass thence out, through pipe it, into the primary condensero, where a portion of the watery vapors is condensed, the resulting liquid fiowing back, through pipe h, intovessel b.

The lighter portion of the vapors rising thrdugh the pebbles to the top of condenser 0, passes off, through pipe '3, into chamber 70, of vessel 11, thence down, through pipes 'm, to the bottom chamber of vessel d, where fur.- ther condensation. of the more watery portion of the vapors takes place, 'the resulting liquid flowing back, through pipe 20, into vessel b'.

The lighter portion of the vapors rises, through pipes m, into chamber 1, thence passing, through pipe n,into the angular worm o, where it is condensed into spirits, which runs oil at 0'. a

(From the arrangement of the several vessels employed, the wash, and the more watery portions of the vapors condensed in vessels 0 and d, descend, by their 7 own gravity, to the vaporizers a and b.

We construct the vessels b c d e in cylindrical form, r

.for dry steam.

For an apparatus capable of producing ten (10) barrels of proof-spirits per diem, we prefer to make the generator, c, twenty-eight inches in diameter, and sixteen inches in height, but when made of wood it may be three feet in height; pipe j, two and a half diameter; vessel 12, fifteeninches diameter, and eighteen inchesin height; worm g, two and a halfinches diameter; pipe h, two and a half inches diameter; condenser c, five inches in diameter, and twenty-eight inches in height; pipe 1', two and a half inches diameter; ves

sel (Z, twenty-eight inches in height, and twelve inches in diameter; pipes in m, of one inch diameter, and

twenty-four inches in length; pipe n, two 'inche'sin diameter; worm 0, at top, two inches in diameter, gradually tapering to five-eigbths of an inch at bottom;

PHILADEL- inches 7 vessel 0, twenty-eight inches high, and twelve inches in diameter.

The described construction and arrangement of the several parts of the apparatus are such that the temperature of the vapors, as they approach finalneondensation, is graduallylreduced, so that, in vessels 0 and d, all the fusel-oil is condensed, and, with the other condensed vapors, is led back, through pipes h and w, to the vessel b, while the essential oil, which is of lighter gravity, passes on, with the spirit-vapors, into the finalcondensing worm 0. Y

The supply of wash admitted'into vessel d must be so regulated, by setting the stop-cock in pipe '1', when the operation -is started, as to keep the temperature of co partment t, of vessel 11, at about 14.0 Fahrenheit.

he wash in vessel ais kept at boiling-point, and, if it contains twenty-five per cent. of spirits when admit ted into yessel d, will contain only about eight per cent.

when it reaches vessel a, and, if kept at boiling-point in this vessel, will be exhausted of spirits in about twenty minutes.

'The residuum is then drawn oil through cock 0, and the vessel a is recharged, from vessel b, by'opening stop cock 4:, which is again closed as soon as-thevessel-a. is ]charged.

"l The worms-employed are angular, being composed of sections of cylindrical pipe, united by elbows. Those shown are pentagonal, but a difi'erent polygonal form might, of course, be employed. I

We havefound, from experiment, that the vapors passing through these angular worms give ofi' their heat more rapidly than when traversing a continuouslywinding worm. 1 l.

a Thismethod of construction also enahlesusto 'ernploy much thinner copper than could otherwise be employed, and thus contribute to the same end, viz, the rapid giving 011' of the heat of the vapors.

From the same causes, we are enabled to reduce the size of the final condenser.

Having thus described our invention, v

We claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. The combination of vessels 1:, c, d, and 0, construoted and arranged in the manner and'for the purpose substantially as set forth.

2. The arrangement of worm g, in vesselb, for heatmg the liquids in said vessel, substantially as set forth,

3.. In combination with one or more vapor-generators, the primary condenser e and the secondary condenser d, to efl'ect thegradual reduction of temperature of the vap0rs,and the removal of the fuseLoil, substantially as set forth. 7.

t t E. FREEMAN'PRENTISS. 4 THOMIASD. PBENTISS. I

Witnesses:

GEO. E. BUOKLEY, W. A. A. MoKmLnY. 

